The Case for the Redistribution of Ecotourism Gains in Kenya. Essay

The Case for the Redistribution of Ecotourism Gains in Kenya. Introduction Ecotourism, also known as â€Å"responsible tourism†, is defined as â€Å"responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people† . Ecotourism has become the fastest growing sub-sector of the tourist industry: in the Third World, it is growing at a rate of 6% per year . Bordering the Indian Ocean and located in Eastern Africa, Kenya reaps substantial benefits from ecotourism activities. Kenya’s rich biodiversity and natural resources allow it to earn as much as 1/3 of its total foreign exchange revenues from ecotourism . A recent study of game farming in Kenya has shown that wildlife tourism was fifty times more lucrative than cattle grazing and that an elephant herd was valued at $610,000 annually . Ecotourism will therefore play a predominant role in the country’s economic development. In order to assess the equity implications of ecotourism in Kenya, this paper will attempt to assess th e distributional impacts of the policies local authorities have undertaken in Kenya to foster ecotourism and to propose suggested reforms and recommendations to help groups, who have traditionally been marginalized such as the Maasai. Background Kenya was a protectorate and a British colony from the late 1890s to December 1963, when the country gained its independence. Although Kenya is a relatively stable country, it has only been governed by 3 Presidents (from only 2 political parties) since independence. With a population of 31.3 million people , Kenya is a multi-ethnic country, whose administrative arrangements closely parallel ethnic boundaries . With a GNI/ capita of $360 , Kenya is still a ... ...ashington, D.C.: Island Press. http://www.stpt.usf.edu/~jsokolov/211maasai.htm, The Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania, Survival 1998 http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=160, World Heritage Convention, UNESCO Kamuaro, O. â€Å"Ecotourism: Suicide or Development?†. Available from www.unsystem.org/ngls/documents/publications.en/voices.africa/number6/vfa6.12.htm United States Agency for International Development. 1996. Mid-Term Evaluation. Washington D.C.: United States Agency for International Development. World Bank, http:/devdata.worldbank.org/external/CPProfile.asp?CCODE=KEN&PTYPE=CP, Country profile Table, The World Bank Group. World Bank, http://www.worldbank.org/ke/ke_ctry_brief.htm, Country Brief, The World Bank Group in Kenya. Zecchini, A. â€Å"Clash of Interests in Maasai Country- Kenya’s Battle for Biodiversity†, Le Monde Diplomatique, November 2000

Modern Day Relevance of The Declaration of Independence Essay -- Decla

Modern Day Relevance of The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is one of the most important documents produced by an American thinker. Reading The Declaration of Independence presents the reader with a window into the world of revolutionary America. It conveys the dynamic nature of the time better than any written work of the period. The real importance of The Declaration of Independence lies not in the purpose for which Jefferson created it, to declare independence from Great Britain, but rather how future generations have interpreted Jefferson's words. Jefferson's document originally guaranteed basic rights for a select segment of the American population. Today it has become a document which has been interpreted to guarantee the basic rights of everyone living in America and abroad. In a way it has become a document with a life of its own. It has become something far more substantial than anything Jefferson or his contemporaries, writing within an eighteenth century mindset, could ever have believed it would bec ome. When Jefferson first stated in The Declaration of Independence that, "All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights," he most certainly did not mean "all men." If he had then it would be hard for him to justify the fact that a sizable percentage of the American population was enslaved. He meant that all white, property-owning Americans were equal to their British counterparts. No consideration was given to women in The Declaration of Independence, they did not hold an equal status with men in the Jeffersonian model of an American republic. "All men," was certainly not the all-encompassing phrase that has been circulating in America ... ...England's policies on the American colonies. There was no way for him to know that The Declaration of Independence would be used to give, and preserve, basic rights for all people; American citizens or not. It is as if The Declaration of Independence has matured along with the United States. America is a country that has been home to a diverse population since its founding. The Declaration of Independence is interpreted in such a way that it has become a tool to accommodate America's heterogeneous population. The poetic nature and riveting tone of the document has inspired the generations of the past to gain and protect their "unalienable rights". What those rights are has been subject to change with each passing generation. 1. Much of this information has been taken from John C Miller's, The Wolf by the Ears: Thomas Jefferson and Slavery. (NY, 1977), pp. 52-53.

The History Behind Beowulf :: Literature German Essays

The History Behind Beowulf Main Beowulf and Warfare Scop;Bede characters links bibliography Out of the 30,000 lines of literature left from the Anglo-Saxon period, almost 4,000 lines are preserved in the text of Beowulf, the epic poem of the hero with the strength of 30 men in each arm. It is a story of the supernatural as well as a record of Anglo-Saxon history. Because there was little literacy and few books in Medieval England, scops were the key to recording history. They upheld the history of England since the very beginning, along with the ancestry of her first settlers. Beowulf takes place in 6th century Denmark and Sweden. The Geats (Beowulf's tribe) inhabited the southern part of Sweden) and Hrothgar and his glorious mead-hall Heorot were from the Danish island, Sjaelland. Some historical digressions in the epic poem take place in other parts of Sweden, but also Denmark, Germany, Poland and "the Low Countries." The first part of Beowulf takes place in Heorot, King Hrothgar's glorious mead hall. At the time this poem took place, research proves that the Danes held their throne on Sjaelland Island at Lejre. Archeologists who have worked there have discovered a number of magnificent halls that were built around the 500s and onward, any of which could have been Heorot. Although there is no knowledge that Beowulf was a true man, there is certainly a great deal of Germanic history incorporated in the poem. Whether Beowulf was real or not, his character fit seamlessly into the context of his society and family tree. Many of the characters were real: The Geat king, Hygelac, Hrothgar, Ongentheow, Haethcyn, Onela and Heardred. Also, the Ravenswood battle which took place in 510AD is true. The Composition of the Poem Although, much that is written about the creation of the story of Beowulf is speculation, it is known that the only manuscript that remains is from circa 1000AD. Although this work is venerated today, in Medieval England, it was viewed in much different light. Monster stories were quite common at that time; along with Beowulf, several prose works with supernatural characters were compiled in the manuscript. Also a poem "Judith" was found. The author of Beowulf is a mystery, as most poets of the Anglo-Saxon period are. He might have been a court poet, or a monastic poet. Depending on the Christian interpretation of the poem, it could be either.

Jesus Christ of dance Essay

Doris Humphrey, born October 17, 1895 and died December 29, 1958, legend lives on today. Doris was one of several original modern choreographers. Born in a musical family, her mother taught piano lessons. Doris took dance variety of dance lessons in Chicago. Her birth place was Oak Park, IL. She began her teaching/choreography when her mother opened a dance studio. Doris was 15 years old when she began teaching dance. The dance studio opened to financially support the family. Later, she taught modern dance to community colleges. Juilliard dance program originated with her. Her father was an aspiring photographer and hotel manager. Almost all early modern choreographers studied as Denishawn dancers. The Denishawn California based dance company was founded by Ruth St Dennis and Ted Shawn. From 1918-1928, Doris danced as a principal for Denishawn. Many dancers left Denishawn when Ted Shawn made a controversial remark. One day, outspoken Martha Graham reminded him he was not Jesus Christ. Ted Shawn said he was Jesus Christ. He is the Jesus Christ of dance. Quite a few offended dancers left the company at once. In 1928, Charles Weidman and Humphrey left Denishawn starting their own dance company. The new dance company was name the Weidman-Humphrey dance company. Ted Shawn’s most famous work is Jacobs Pillow. Humphrey had original ideas about dance technique. Modern choreographers are not known to follow tradition. â€Å"Her work embodied the work of Americanist Spirit of individualism† (Debanham, Kathi, Pat, From the Ground Up). Many of her dances emphasized America. In many ways, modern dance rebels against traditional ballet. Almost all modern dancers have years of thorough ballet training. Ballet training comes through in all dancers in performances and class. Doris’s choreography, like all modern dance, is not made to be presentable. Modern dance is not even made to be proper. Modern dance displays non-human strength moves. Viewers really must pay attention to the choreography. Very advanced professional ballet dancers usually perform in short tutus. Advanced modern dancers wear full length skirts. Modern dancer’s technique while performing full length extensions are noticed when the dancers center is straight, and her knee easily touches or goes beyond her ear. Extreme balance, flexibility and strength exhibitions fill professionally choreographed modern dance performances. The only way an untrained dancer understands movements involved is to attempt to copy the choreography. Modern dance movement looks very simple. There are many fakes teaching modern dance today, especially in colleges and universities. This is obvious reading dance magazine articles, written by university professors describing dance technique. Rhythm and breathing was the base of Humphreys choreography. She spent hours exploring how breathing and rhythm works. Her choreography originated with breathing. Breathing exercises progressed to contraction and release. â€Å"All life fluctuates between resistance to and yielding to gravity† (Humphrey, Art of Making Dances). Humphreys greatest contribution to modern dance is fall and recovery technique. Grahams contraction and release technique inspired Humphreys fall and recovery technique. In ballet class, dancers hold constant tension, constant lengthening of the spine and limbs. In Humphey’s dances, the choreography extends with proper ballet technique, (sustained flow) hits a distinct movement destination, (sharp accent). Unexpectingly, the dancers collapse (rest). She related this to birth. The recovery, or release, is when the baby is born. Modern choreographers tend to design original dance techniques from their own interpretation of life’s beginning and ending. Doris Humphrey’s company ended in 1942. She then became the artistic director for Jose Limon. Limon danced in Humphrey’s company. Humphrey Choreographed over eighty dances. Some of these are: Modern-Ballet Color Harmony, 1928; Water Study 1928; The Shakers, 1931; Day on Earth 1947; Water Study is one of her most amazing works. Audiences loved it. â€Å"Dance Magazine described it as ‘a work that astounded critics and audiences alike with its synchronized, moving-wave forms, from calm lapping on a beach to a crashing tempest’ † (Texas State Library Commissions). Other choreographers at this time were Katherine Dunham, Isadora Duncan, Martha Graham, Paul Taylor. Dance is hardly a lucrative profession. Doris lived most of her life through financial hardships. Political events influenced Doris’s financial struggles. â€Å"A worldwide depression began with the October 1929 U. S. stock market crash. International bankruptcies and closing of credit unions closed many jobs. Government public works programs no longer existed. † (Paraphrased, Rise of Totalitarians, 2007). Right before her death, she wrote The Art of Making Dances. Her contributions to the dance world goes farther than fall and recovery technique and her last book. Art of Making Dances is the most significant contribution Humphrey is known for. She died in New York City on *December 29, 1958. *Dates and other facts are not consistent. Apparently, Art of Making Dances were a collection of her notes that was donated to performing arts libraries after her death. Notes; Debenham, Pat, and Kathie Debenham. â€Å"From the Ground Up: Doris Humphrey–Modernist, Americanist, Artist. † Interdisciplinary Humanities 21. 1 (2004): 78-86. Academic Search Premier. 10 April 2007. http://search. ebscohost. com. Doris Humphrey, Art of Making Dances, Dance Horizons, Copyright in 1959, 1987. Editorial, Doris Humphrey 1895-1958 Texas State Library Archives and Commission, http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/LitRC? vrsn=3&OP=contains&locID=txshrpub200866&srchtp=athr&ca=1&c=1&ste=6&tab=1&tbst=arp&ai=U13706243&n=10&docNum=H1000149358&ST=Doris+Humphrey&bConts=2191 Editorial, â€Å"Rise of Totalitarians: 1930-39. † World Almanac & Book of Facts (2005): 520. Middle Search Plus. 11 April 2007. http://search. ebscohost. com.

Enjoying Life

Study Questions on Eveline for Yud Bet Five test Thursday, December 26, 2002 Some of the questions below are the ones that will appear on your exam, so study them well. (NOTE: you will NOT be allowed to have the text in front of you during the test, so make sure that you study beforehand! ) 1. Why didn’t Eveline go with Frank? Was it a rational decision or more of an emotional response? What do you think about her decision? What do you think the writer thinks about her decision? 2.Where in the story is Eveline compared to an animal? Why does the writer compare her to an animal? 3. After reading Eveline, what impression do you get of James Joyce’s attitude towards the Catholic Church? Find evidence in the story to prove this. 4. Discuss the motif of dust which pervades the story. What does the dust symbolize? 5. There are two points of view present in this story: that of Eveline herself and that of the narrator. How can we differentiate in the story between these two poi nts of view?What is the purpose of having these two points of view? 6. Describe Eveline’s state of mind at the port. What descriptions indicate this most clearly? 7. a. Fill in the following table: |Contrasting Symbols and Images Between | |Eveline’s life and Frank’s life | |Eveline’s life |Frank’s life | |a. ust |a. | |b. Margaret Mary Alacoque |b. | |c. |c. the open sea | |d. |d. â€Å"awfully fond of music and sang a little | |e. |e. face of bronze | |f. â€Å"her head was leaned against the window curtain† |f. | b. Based on these symbols, what can we say that Eveline’s life represents? c. Frank’s life?

How does Steinbeck present Lennie and George Essay

How does Steinbeck present Lennie and George in the 1st chapter? Lennie and George’s father and son like relationship is clearly one of love, although from the beginning we sense George’s frustration due to Lennie’s constant childish behaviour. George is very protective over Lennie, â€Å"Lennie for God’s sake don’t drink so much!† because he has been told to look after him by his â€Å"Aunt Clara†. George does like having Lennie around as he says, â€Å"No you stay with me†. As Lennie and George are itinerant workers, it can be a very lonely life so the fact that they have each other means that they are very lucky. However this constant responsibility can obviously present problems, George says â€Å"When I think of the swell time I could’ve had without you†, having Lennie around has stopped him from doing lots of things other men of his age would’ve done. George is quite clearly the leading role in their r elationship. As we know, Lennie is mentally not all there as he uses simple and un-educated language, such as ‘Look, George. Look what I done.† Due to Lennie being childish and not very intelligent it means that he has to rely on George an awful lot. An example suggesting that Lennie is reliant on George is that â€Å"They had walked in single file down the path†. This suggests that George is in control and acts as a parent like figure, it also showing George’s intelligence and maturity. This responsibility that George has to look after Lennie means that he is very protective, he says â€Å"Don’t drink so much†. This is an example of George being a paternal figure, this is an imperative and he says it sharply implying that he is worried about George. George has to repeatedly remind Lennie if he wants him to do or not do something. In the 1st chapter it is suggested by Steinbeck that Lennie has animal qualities to match his childish behaviour. His big stature makes up for his childish behaviour as George can get Lennie to do tasks that he wouldn’t otherwise be able to do, as he is small. He tells Lennie, â€Å"Flood water wood. Now you go get it†. In the book it says that he was â€Å"sno rting like a horse† and â€Å"dragging† his feet. I think that Steinbeck’s reason for doing this is to show that Lennie is to be looked after and can be irrational, just as an animal is, and he needs to be given direction â€Å"like a horse†. He seeks praise just as a dog would to its owner, Lennie says â€Å"Look George Look†, this implies that Lennie aspires to be like George and is constantly in awe of George. We are also told that with his strength he can accidently use his strength to be dangerous, an example of animal imagery  used to describe Lennie as dangerous is that he uses his â€Å"paw†. This is an example of foreboding because, just as in Weed, he may do something that may get them into trouble. We are told early on that George and Lennie are both have the same aspiration, and that is to have a ‘little house’ and ‘some rabbits’. Although they want it for different purposes this is something they aspire to do, and they want to do it together. Lennie’s is to have rabbits due to his obsession with petting animals, mice on the particular occasion in the woods, â€Å"it’s on’y a mouse George†. George’s aspiration is more to do with the f act that they will no longer need to worry about getting a job, which is certainly difficult with Lennie. They want to â€Å"live off the fat of the land†, suggesting that they don’t want to work for anyone and be continuingly undermined by bosses and having to live in such awful conditions. They don’t want to be one of the stereotypes as they say â€Å"us guys are the loneliest guys in the world†. To conclude, I think that Steinbeck presents Lennie and George with a strong relationship. George being a father like figure to Lennie. They both need each other, otherwise they would be lonely just like other itinerant workers at this time. Lennie really does look up to George and there has been a strong sense of foreboding through the actions from the past that we find out about. As the book progresses I can expect the reader to understand more fully that the relationship that these two men have.

Global war wine Essay

The global wine industry is being influenced by a number of factors including consumer demand and changes in the way wine is produced and sold. There has been a shift in the perception of wine in the past half-century as consumers and producers have migrated away from the Old World philosophies to the modern-thinking the New World has brought about. By the 1990’s the average consumer’s palate changed – especially here in the U. S. where consumers were more apt to look for the premium ($7-14) and super-premium ($14+) wines. By this time, there was a drop in consumption in countries that traditionally consumed a great deal (France, Italy, Spain, Argentina, and Chile) while demand in other countries increased (U. K. , Canada, Belgium, and some Asian countries). Wine consumption was now becoming truly â€Å"global† and New World producers had the means to handle demand. Shipping overseas was now a cost-effective way to transport wine around the globe allowing consumers even more choices of quality wines. Therefore, one of the most important factors in how the wine industry is changing is in the education of the wine consumer. And consumers now can look at a bottle of wine and tell the type of wine and the region they came from along with the date bottled. 2. How did the French become the dominant competitors in the increasingly global wine industry for centuries? What sources of competitive advantage were they able to develop to support their exports? Where were they vulnerable? French wine producers became the dominant competitor as a result of four reasons. First, their geographic and climatic featuresplayed significant role. As France is in the middle of Europe culture with suitable climate and soilcondition for harvesting grape, had accrued first-mover advantage and established its place as thedominant competitor in the global wine industry. Second, they became the first high-quality winemarket and gained a lot experience. Especially, the negociantstraded wine between France and othercountries and this worked as word-of-mouth effect, increasing the reputation and dominance of Frenchwine. Third, they used the latest innovations such as mass production of glass bottles, the use of cork stoppers and pasteurization. These innovations increased the stability and longevity of wine whichallowed the transportation of wine to distant places, and birth of global wine market. Lastly, the government support made significant effect on the reputation and improvement of French wineindustry. The sources of competitive advantage that they were able to develop to support their exports is to keen to taste and tradition in the production of wine (strongly tight to the French culture), artistic and historical talent and expertise in wine making and well located as to the high demand markets such as England,.. The main vulnerable aspects of French wine industry were highly fragmented vineyard and wine production, increasing vineyard prices per acre, complex distribution and sales system, long multilevel value chain, risk of bad weather and disease; and poor roads and complex toll and tax system. Also, they lack of rational assessment of their place comparing to other countries and they do not have any marketing plan or strategy.

Writer's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Writer's choice - Assignment Example accordance to this topic, the paper will examine the global influence of Bollywood: the Indian film industry and the role of music in Bollywood films. The research question posed in this paper is; what is the impact of music in Bollywood films in the global film landscape? Bollywood do not incorporate any western content as they provide an explicit reflection of the Indian culture. For decades, Bollywood films were of little interest to the world outside the Indian subcontinent. However, this has changed in recent years as it stands as a popular culture in the dance and music sense. The song and dances are parallel to the plot as they help progress the theme of the films. The paper will examine a variety of arguments provided by different scholars in the context of media globalization. The case can be analyzed from a number of frameworks. In understanding the reverse flow created by Bollywood films, it is imperative to consider Bollywood expansion strategy based on its domestic and international consideration. Bollywood has continued to maintain international influence regardless of the fact that most of its films are in the Indian language. . The musical aspect has proved to work as they help the viewer grasp the abstract ideas in an even way. For this reason, Bollywood has expanded overseas due to the great appeal generated by music. For decades, Bollywood films were of little interest to the world outside the Indian subcontinent. However, this has changed in recent years as it stands as a popular culture in the dance and music genre. The global reach is fuelled partly by the large audience fascinated by the unique integration of dance and music in films. Rai is an Indian scholar who has contributed immensely in the field of media globalization. He is renowned for his contribution in cultural studies of south Asia. Rai once served in the media advisory board of India. Additionally, the author has contributed immensely in a number of forums that sought to

Patient Satisfaction and Retention Strategies in Hospitals Thesis

Patient Satisfaction and Retention Strategies in Hospitals - Thesis Example This paper illustrates that the performance of any hospital is dependent on the patient satisfaction and retention strategies for hospitals. Studies have been conducted on how hospitals can improve their patient satisfaction and retention strategies, as well as, how hospitals can attract patients. However, the studies did not explain explicitly the tactics that can be implemented to help attract patients and retain them at the same time. Therefore, the need to understand and analyze various factors that can help in improving patient satisfaction and retention in hospital settings. Although studies have been conducted to establish why different hospitals perform better than others, employee satisfaction has always satisfaction has always been a very important tool for medical staff. Staffs who are content will be more productive than discontented staff and will also have the low turnover of staff. The question of why some hospitals perform better than others is asked by many and by co nducting a research on the patient satisfaction and retention strategies on Sheikh Khalifa some of the questions will be answered. Though sickness is not something that can be wished for it is foolish or naà ¯ve to ignore the fact that people fall ill. It is in this context that SKMC tries to understand that treating a patient does not necessarily mean he or she is satisfied with the services offered. SKMC was built in 2005 due to the merger of publicly managed health care providers in Abu Dhabi. It encompasses several ‘Centers of Excellence’ and it is run by the Cleveland Clinic. It functions as the leading institution in SEHAs system. It is overseen by its obligation to practice modern health care services to high standards as high as the world’s best medical facilities. SKMC’s broad healthcare services provide for the priorities of the people of Abu Dhabi. It ensures both the finest levels of patient satisfaction and care and promotes overall health th rough awareness and education. SEHA is standing for Abu Dhabi Health Services and Company. SEHA is the Arabic word for health. It was launched in December 2007 and it is owned and run by the Abu Dhabi government. SEHA was launched by the government has plans to reform the healthcare sector in Abu Dhabi and represent a positive milestone in the provision of the best healthcare services in the world by His Highness Sheikh Khalifa.

Punishment as the Main Deterrent for Wrongdoing Assignment

Punishment as the Main Deterrent for Wrongdoing - Assignment Example I would therefore rather take Kant’s wider viewpoint, that a sense of right and wrong is derived from individual experience, which may or may not include punishment and/or the religious ideal.  I would therefore rather take Kant’s wider viewpoint, that a sense of right and wrong is derived from individual experience, which may or may not include punishment and/or the religious ideal.  3. I would not say the needs of either society or the individual outweigh the other, particularly in the current paradigm of human rights and the individual’s right to happiness and freedom.   Society should never be allowed to suppress the needs of the individual because this is in direct contradiction to the human rights paradigm favored by the democratic world today.   Although Jeremy Bentham’s philosophy of justifying decisions by the number of people benefiting from it makes scientific sense, I would rather agree with John Stuart Mill’s caution that majori ty rule could deprive many citizens of important rights.   Slavery appears to be a case in point.4. From the humanistic and altruistic point of view, economic resources should be owned and controlled by communities.   In this way, the resources can be shared among all those sharing a community, without factors such as greed ruling the economy.   On the other hand, Adam Smith believed that self-interest is an ideal economic principle that all should be free to pursue.   According to him, self-interest translates to overall economic well-being, as all business people were interested in delivering quality services and goods in return for fair remuneration.   Smith’s system of built-in checks and balances were to prevent an imbalance of wealth creation for only a few companies.   However, history has taught that this system is not strong enough to prevent extreme greed and monopoly that marks today’s economy.   The gap between the extremely rich and the extre mely poor is widening on a global scale, with a disproportionate amount of humanity using all the earth’s resources.   This sector of society deprives not only today’s poor of their right to life but also the generations to come.   From this point of view, I believe a sharing economy is better than one in which a monopoly is the main paradigm.

Drucker's Management Style in Industry Application Assignment

Drucker's Management Style in Industry Application - Assignment Example This means that managing without a goal can never guarantee the achievement of results. Managers are therefore admonished to at every point in time, set specific, time-bound and measurable goals that are realistic to achieve. Organises – Because managers work with different people with different talents, they must be on top of the distribution of roles to different people (Thompson and McHugh, 2009). This is what organisation is all about. Motivates and communicates – In the delivery of their duties, motivating subordinates will always ensure that managers spark up an inner will for performance to take place (Arnold, J. et al, 2005). Communication will also ensure that there is adequate understanding of policies and workplace ideas. Measures – There should be yardsticks that should measure the achievement of goals set by managers. It is only when there is a measure that can be evaluation of achievements and failures. Develop people – Though managers will a lways have a task to perform, the major task should be seen as the development of people through distribution of right roles (Bailey, 1983). This is because it is only when people are developed that tasks becomes competed because tasks are always completed by the people. 1.12 Drucker’s Management by Objective framework In order that managers will not at any point in time be too focused on their tasks and forget the actual underlying objectives for which the tasks are being performed, Drucker (1989) came out with the framework of managing by objectives, which came to be known as MBO. The major emphasis that the framework draws is that goal setting is always an important aspect of management. Goal setting is important to management implementation because it sets the tone for the kind of planning that needs to be done and the levels of inputs needed to achieve the set goals (Clegg, Hardy & Nord, 1996). As part of the framework, the need to make team work an important focus of su ccess is treated. This is because managers indeed cannot know what each member on the team is doing but once clear objectives are assigned to each member, managers can be assured that members on the team will work around their objectives to bring about the achievement of set goals (Drucker, 1989). 1.2 Advantages of Drucker’s method to the Fashion Industry The management models, put forth by Drucker, more importantly the five point operation in management has several advantages when applied in the modern day fashion industry. Using Adidas, which is a German multinational corporation as an example, there are a number of ways that the management of the company can be said to have benefited from the application of the five point operation management proposed by Drucker (1989). In this regard, Mr. Herbert Hainer, who is the chairman of Adidas, can be used as a model and example. As far as the setting of objectives is concerned, Adidas is one company that has been praised by analys ts and experts in the management literature as having specific objectives for each day of the company’s existence (Scott, 2013). This is because in line with what Drucker proposes; Mr. Hainer ensures that the company does not only operate on long term goals but on short to medium term objectives that are always crafted around various departments and

Management of Malnutrition Among Adult Patients Essay

Management of Malnutrition Among Adult Patients - Essay Example But a healthful diet can prevent many illnesses. In fact, WHO estimates that up to 40percent of cancer cases could be prevented by better eating habits and by exercise. However, with the existence of different illnesses in the society and the different therapies that are needed to be given to the patients in hospitals and even in homecare, malnutrition becomes an unavoidable matter. To prove this particular matter, the following diagram shall make an indicative implication as to how malnutrition actually affects the aged patients who need to undergo certain medications that require lesser solid food intake. It has been observed that there is at least 15% annual increase in the measure of patients being involved in issues of malnutrition. The diagram that follows herein simply pertain to the record garnered from the year 2005; with the years fast progressing, one could just imagine how much the estimated diagram presentations have actually increased in rate measurements as to how much more are naturally included in the record of malnourished patients in different hospitals around the world. From the diagram presented above, it could be observed that the rate of the patients undergoing the situation of malnutrition during medication are naturally expected to result to high mortality rate among the said particular population considered in the situation. No matter, even though malnutrition among patients undergoing certain medical therapies cou... situation could not be dealt with systematically so as to bring back the health and enthusiasm of the said individuals for the right nutrition that they actually need. Hence, to be able to support the said needed improvement in the health situation of the primary patients to be treated by the process to be proposed herein, a presentation of the major indicative factors to consider in the process shall be discussed herein. Program Title: Dietary Nutrition Therapy (1) Objective: To assist adult patients in their struggle for better nourishment. These patients are noted to have special health cases that require constant care especially with regards nutritional intake. (2) Mission: To make sure that adults undergoing special health treatments are given the right nutrition even when they are under a certain medication treatments that require less or no solid food intake at all. (3) Particular health cases to be considered for dietary nutrition therapy are as follows: Stroke Cancer Oesphageal Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Huntington's Disease Heart failure Parkinson's Disease Tuberculosis These are only a few among the qualified health cases that could be assisted through the dietary nutrition therapy procedures. There are still other health failures that could be supported through the utilization of the said dietary therapy. It should also be noted that the dietary nutrition therapy is strongly suggested o be taken by those who are not supposed to eat for weeks or days due to some other medication therapies they need to take. NOTES TO CONSIDER: (a) The measure of malnutrition in a patient should be well examined by the attending doctor. (b) The parallelism of the medication with the suggested dietary assistance program therapy noted herein should be well

Islamic marriages in the United Kingdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamic marriages in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Marriage is one such key event and the religion impacts and dictates that event as well. This is particularly applicable to Islamic marriages, with all aspects of the union based and dictated by the religion of Islam and its teachings. In United Kingdom (UK) also, Islamic marriages are conducted on those lines, with the marriage or nikah being conducted with or without official registration under UK laws. When the marriage is not registered under UK laws, its validity is questioned, leading to host of problems for the women. With those Islamic marriages being considered null and void under the UK laws, a Muslim man have the dubious advantage of marrying more than once without officially divorcing his wife and also denying his wife various rights and benefits. This paper focusing on the existence of Islamic marriages and the maximal non-registration of those marriages in the United Kingdom, will discuss how those marriages have no official or legal recognitions, thereby leading to man y legal and personal problems for the Muslim women or in particular wives. Arranged marriages are more common in the Islamic religion, and that is visible in the Islamic community in UK as well. The arranged marriages are closely related to the â€Å"closed system† because it kind of helps to preserve the family traditions, rituals and the maintenance of kinship among the relations. Even if a Muslim man and woman decides to get married, without the initiation done by the parents, then also marriage is arranged according to Islamic customs. However, the basic Islamic viewpoint is, Islamic families in UK or in any country has to follow conservative norms regarding the marriage and the resultant evolution of family, thereby avoiding same-sex marriage, living together outside marriage, etc., for them to be constituted as a family. In an Islamic perspective, a family should normally consist of a legally married couple, their children, their parents, other relatives, etc. The empha sis is that a family comes into existence only through two means: blood relationship and importantly Islamic authorized marriage. This is mentioned in the religious texts as well, â€Å"And it is He Who has made man from water: The He has set up relationships of family and marriage: And your Lord is ever All Powerful (over things). [Surah AI Furqaan: 54]1. This focus on marriage being a relationship between an heterosexual man and woman forms a key part of Islamic marriage. Mernissi further validates this by stating, â€Å"The dynamics of shared spaces between the sexes can best be understood by analysing the functioning of the conjugal unit, the only model of heterosexual relationships that Muslim society †¦offers to its children.†2 However, all Islamic marriages are not similar, with the actual wedding ceremonies minimally or maximally differing according to the culture or nationality of the Muslim people involved in it. For example, a Pakistani Muslim wedding could b e different from the Malaysian Muslim wedding in certain aspects. â€Å"Many of the Muslims who marry are from widely different cultures - for example European, Turkish, African, Malaysian, and so on.†3 Another key or even anti-feminine aspect of the Islamic marriage is polygamy, with Muslim men being allowed to marry more than one woman at a time. â€Å"Man may have more than one wife, up to the limit of four wives simultaneously - so long as it is